Implican

Scientific references

Evidence that informs
the rationale.

Selected literature supporting the biological rationale and scientific context of the Implican approach. The references are intentionally curated rather than exhaustive; they are not clinical evidence of safety, efficacy or superiority.

  1. 01
    Anastomotic healing

    Morgan RB, Shogan BD. The science of anastomotic healing. Semin Colon Rectal Surg. 2022;33(2):100879. doi:10.1016/j.scrs.2022.100879.

  2. 02
    Anastomotic healing

    Rosendorf J, Klicova M, Herrmann I, Anthis A, Cervenkova L, Palek R, et al. Intestinal Anastomotic Healing: What do We Know About Processes Behind Anastomotic Complications. Front Surg. 2022;9:904810. doi:10.3389/fsurg.2022.904810.

  3. 03
    Anastomotic healing

    van Helsdingen CPM, Wildeboer ACL, Zafeiropoulou K, Jongen ACHM, Bosmans JWAM, Gallé C, et al. Histology and transcriptome insights into the early processes of intestinal anastomotic healing: a rat model. BJS Open. 2023;7(5):zrad099. doi:10.1093/bjsopen/zrad099.

  4. 04
    Anastomotic healing

    Shogan BD, Carlisle EM, Alverdy JC, Umanskiy K. Do We Really Know Why Colorectal Anastomoses Leak? J Gastrointest Surg. 2013;17(9):1698–1707. doi:10.1007/s11605-013-2227-0.

  5. 05
    Submucosal apposition & compression healing

    Jansen A, Becker AE, Brummelkamp WH, Keeman JN, Klopper PJ. The importance of the apposition of the submucosal intestinal layers for primary wound healing of intestinal anastomosis. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1981;152(1):51–58. PMID: 7455891.

  6. 06
    Submucosal apposition & compression healing

    Berho M, Wexner SD, Botero-Anug AM, Pelled D, Fleshman JW. Histopathologic Advantages of Compression Ring Anastomosis Healing as Compared With Stapled Anastomosis in a Porcine Model: A Blinded Comparative Study. Dis Colon Rectum. 2014;57(4):506–513. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000000009.

  7. 07
    Submucosal apposition & compression healing

    Ore AS, Althoff A, Kull DR, Baldwin TJ, Van Eps JL, Messaris E. Comparative early histologic healing quality of magnetic versus stapled small bowel anastomosis. Surgery. 2023;173(4):1060–1065. doi:10.1016/j.surg.2022.11.030.

  8. 08
    Microbiome, collagen & leakage

    Shogan BD, Belogortseva N, Luong PM, Zaborin A, Lax S, Bethel C, et al. Collagen degradation and MMP9 activation by Enterococcus faecalis contribute to intestinal anastomotic leak. Sci Transl Med. 2015;7(286):286ra68. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3010658.

  9. 09
    Microbiome, collagen & leakage

    Hajjar R, Gonzalez E, Fragoso G, Oliero M, Alaoui AA, Calvé A, et al. Gut microbiota influence anastomotic healing in colorectal cancer surgery through modulation of mucosal proinflammatory cytokines. Gut. 2023;72(6):1143–1154. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328389.

  10. 10
    Microbiome, collagen & leakage

    Cashin PH, Artursson S, Sköldberg F, Melhus Å. Association of the gut microbiome to colorectal anastomotic leakage: systematic review. BJS Open. 2026;10(2):zrag005. doi:10.1093/bjsopen/zrag005.

  11. 11
    Microbiome, collagen & leakage

    Bosmans JWAM, Jongen ACHM, Birchenough GMH, Nyström EEL, Gijbels MJJ, Derikx JPM, et al. Functional mucous layer and healing of proximal colonic anastomoses in an experimental model. Br J Surg. 2017;104(5):619–630. doi:10.1002/bjs.10456.